Stronger effect / evidence

Weaker effect / evidence

Chlorine dioxide

CAS: 10049-04-4

How can this chemical affect my health?

Acute (Short Term) EffectsData sources

Toxic To Humans & Animals, priority yellow

Toxic to Humans & Animals – Can be fatal on contact, ingestion or inhalation for humans and other mammals.

Irritates the Skin – Can cause irritation or serious damage to the skin.

Irritates the Eyes – Can cause irritation or serious damage to the eye.

Chronic (Long Term) EffectsData sources

Cancer – Can cause or increase the risk of cancer.

Endocrine Disruption – Can interfere with hormone communication between cells which controls metabolism, development, growth, reproduction and behavior (the endocrine system).

Birth Defects – Can cause harm to the developing child including birth defects, low birth weight and biological or behavioral problems that appear as the child grows.

Reproductive Harm – Can disrupt the male or female reproductive systems, changing sexual development, behavior or functions, decreasing fertility, or resulting in loss of the fetus during pregnancy.

Other Health Effects – Can cause serious damage on contact or ingestion.

Data sources

Direct Hazard » Cancer

These sources refer directly to this chemical:

(1996) Carcinogenic potential cannot be determined
US EPA - IRIS Carcinogens
US Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA)
(1986) Group D - Not classifiable as to human carcinogenicity
US EPA - IRIS Carcinogens
US Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA)

Direct Hazard » Endocrine Disruption

These sources refer directly to this chemical:

Potential Endocrine Disruptor
TEDX - Potential Endocrine Disruptors
The Endocrine Disruption Exchange (TEDX)

Direct Hazard » Birth Defects

These sources refer directly to this chemical:

Pregnancy Risk Group D
MAK
MAK Commission of Germany (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft)
H362 - May cause harm to breast-fed children [Developmental Toxicity - May cause harm to breast-fed children]
GHS - Japan
Government of Japan

Direct Hazard » Reproductive Harm

These sources refer directly to this chemical:

H360 - May damage fertility or the unborn child [Toxic to reproduction - Category 1B]
GHS - Japan
Government of Japan

Direct Hazard » Other Health Effects

These sources refer directly to this chemical:

H372 - Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Specific target organs/systemic toxicity following repeated exposure - Category 1]
GHS - Japan
Government of Japan
H370 - Causes damage to organs [Specific target organs/systemic toxicity following single exposure - Category 1]
GHS - Japan
Government of Japan
Specific target organ toxicity - repeated exposure category 1
GHS - New Zealand
Te Mana Rauhī Taiao (New Zealand EPA)

Inherent HazardsData sources

Reactive – May spontaneously ignite or explode on its own or in contact with water.

Restricted List – This chemical is on a list from an authoritative body recommending that its use be avoided.

Data sources

Direct Hazard » Reactive

These sources refer directly to this chemical:

H270 - May cause or intensify fire; oxidiser (GAS ONLY) [Oxidizing gases - Category 1]
EU - GHS (H-Statements) Annex 6 Table 3-1
European Union / European Commission (EU EC)
Class C - Oxidizing materials
Québec CSST - WHMIS 1988
Québec Workplace Health and Safety Commission (Commission de la santé et de la securite du travail (CSST))
Class E - Corrosive materials
Québec CSST - WHMIS 1988
Québec Workplace Health and Safety Commission (Commission de la santé et de la securite du travail (CSST))
Class F - Dangerously reactive materials
Québec CSST - WHMIS 1988
Québec Workplace Health and Safety Commission (Commission de la santé et de la securite du travail (CSST))
Oxidising gases category 1
GHS - New Zealand
Te Mana Rauhī Taiao (New Zealand EPA)
H270 - May cause or intensify fire; oxidizer [Oxidizing gases - Category 1]
GHS - Korea
Republic of Korea - National Institute of Environmental Research (NIER)
H270 - May cause or intensify fire; oxidiser (GAS ONLY) [Oxidizing gases - Category 1]
GHS - Australia
Safe Work Australia

Direct Hazard » Restricted List

These sources refer directly to this chemical:

Candidate Chemical List
CA SCP - Candidate Chemicals
California Department of Toxic Substance Control (CA DTSC)
Antimicrobials
GSPI - Six Classes Precautionary List
Green Science Policy Institute (GSPI)
Chemicals of High Concern
MDH - Chemicals of High Concern and Priority Chemicals
Minnesota Department of Public Health
Reportable Chemicals
MA Toxics Use Reduction Act (TURA) listed substances
Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection
Food Contact Chemicals Database Version 5.0
Food Contact Chemicals Database (FCCdb)
Food Packaging Forum
Food Contact Chemicals of Concern List (FCCoCL) - TIER 3
Food Contact Chemicals of Concern (FCCoCL)
Food Packaging Forum
FPF Priority Substance List from FCCdb
FPF Priority Substance List from FCCdb
Food Packaging Forum
Food Packaging Forum Priority Substances List
GreenScreen Certified Standard for Food Service Ware RSL
Clean Production Action (CPA)
TSCA Commercially Active
TSCA Chemical Substance Inventory (Active-Inactive)
US Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA)
DSL-all
EC - CEPA DSL
Environment Canada & Health Canada (EC)

Biocidal Active Substances » Restricted List

These sources refer to a group of compounds containing this chemical:

Reportable Substances and Future Restrictions in Products
Apple Regulated Substances Specification
Apple Inc.

How does this chemical impact the environment?Data sources

Immediate Harm To Aquatic Ecosystems, priority orange

Immediate Harm to Aquatic Ecosystems – A single exposure may result in severe biological harm or death to fish or other aquatic organisms.

Long-term Harm To Aquatic Ecosystems, priority orange

Long-Term Harm to Aquatic Ecosystems – Long term exposure may result in irreversible harm to fish or other aquatic organisms.

Harmful To Land Ecosystems, priority red

Harmful to Land Ecosystems – Can cause harm to land based plants, animals or microorganisms.

Data sources

Direct Hazard » Immediate Harm to Aquatic Ecosystems

These sources refer directly to this chemical:

H400 - Very toxic to aquatic life [Hazardous to the aquatic environment (acute) - Category 1]
EU - GHS (H-Statements) Annex 6 Table 3-1
European Union / European Commission (EU EC)
H400 - Very toxic to aquatic life [Hazardous to the aquatic environment (acute) - Category 1]
GHS - Korea
Republic of Korea - National Institute of Environmental Research (NIER)
H400 - Very toxic to aquatic life [Hazardous to the aquatic environment (acute) - Category 1]
GHS - Japan
Government of Japan
H400 - Very toxic to aquatic life [Hazardous to the aquatic environment (acute) - Category 1]
GHS - Australia
Safe Work Australia
Hazardous to the aquatic environment - acute category 1
GHS - New Zealand
Te Mana Rauhī Taiao (New Zealand EPA)

Direct Hazard » Long-Term Harm to Aquatic Ecosystems

These sources refer directly to this chemical:

H410 - Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Hazardous to the aquatic environment (chronic) - Category 1]
GHS - Japan
Government of Japan
Hazardous to the aquatic environment - chronic category 1
GHS - New Zealand
Te Mana Rauhī Taiao (New Zealand EPA)

Direct Hazard » Harmful to Land Ecosystems

These sources refer directly to this chemical:

Hazardous to soil organisms
GHS - New Zealand
Te Mana Rauhī Taiao (New Zealand EPA)
Hazardous to terrestrial vertebrates
GHS - New Zealand
Te Mana Rauhī Taiao (New Zealand EPA)

What safer alternatives are available for this chemical?

Information on safer alternatives is currently fairly limited, and not easily accessible or linked to information on chemicals in the workplace. Where we have information on safer alternatives, ChemHAT will display links to existing case studies of safer alternatives for the chemical.